parts
Idiomatic WritingWrite parts natural to instruments' articulation and technique; avoid impossible leaps. more
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Arrangement and Orchestration
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Linked Parts & Layout RulesUse linked parts (Finale/Sibelius/Dorico) with part-specific spacing and page turns. more
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Notation and Engraving
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Parts Extraction & ChecksSeparate parts with page turns, multirests, cues; proofread for playability. more
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Notation and Engraving
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RangeLowest to highest usable pitch of an instrument/voice, including comfortable vs extreme zones. more
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Orchestration and Notation
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Stem Direction & VoicesStem up/down by register and voice; separate voices for independent rhythms. more
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Notation and Engraving
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TranspositionNotational convention where an instrument reads in a different key than concert pitch (e.g., B♭ clarinet). more
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Orchestration and Notation
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Voice LeadingSmooth motion of individual parts to minimize leaps and resolve tendency tones. more
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Harmony and Chords
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